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JavaScript Math Reference


Math Object

The Math object allows you to perform mathematical tasks.

Math is not a constructor. All properties/methods of Math can be called by using Math as an object, without creating it:

var x = Math.PI;            // Returns PI
var y = Math.sqrt(16);      // Returns the square root of 16
Try it Yourself »

For a tutorial about the Math object, read our JavaScript Math Tutorial.


Math Object Properties

Property Description
E Returns Euler's number (approx. 2.718)
LN2 Returns the natural logarithm of 2 (approx. 0.693)
LN10 Returns the natural logarithm of 10 (approx. 2.302)
LOG2E Returns the base-2 logarithm of E (approx. 1.442)
LOG10E Returns the base-10 logarithm of E (approx. 0.434)
PI Returns PI (approx. 3.14)
SQRT1_2 Returns the square root of 1/2 (approx. 0.707)
SQRT2 Returns the square root of 2 (approx. 1.414)


Math Object Methods

Method Description
abs(x) Returns the absolute value of x
acos(x) Returns the arccosine of x, in radians
acosh(x) Returns the hyperbolic arccosine of x
asin(x) Returns the arcsine of x, in radians
asinh(x) Returns the hyperbolic arcsine of x
atan(x) Returns the arctangent of x as a numeric value between -PI/2 and PI/2 radians
atan2(y, x) Returns the arctangent of the quotient of its arguments
atanh(x) Returns the hyperbolic arctangent of x
cbrt(x) Returns the cubic root of x
ceil(x) Returns x, rounded upwards to the nearest integer
clz32(x) Returns the number of leading zeros in a 32-bit binary representation of x
cos(x) Returns the cosine of x (x is in radians)
cosh(x) Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x
exp(x) Returns the value of Ex
expm1(x) Returns the value of Ex minus 1
floor(x) Returns x, rounded downwards to the nearest integer
fround(x) Returns the nearest (32-bit single precision) float representation of a number
log(x) Returns the natural logarithmof x
log10(x) Returns the base-10 logarithm of x
log1p(x) Returns the natural logarithm of 1 + x
log2(x) Returns the base-2 logarithm of x
max(x, y, z, ..., n) Returns the number with the highest value
min(x, y, z, ..., n) Returns the number with the lowest value
pow(x, y) Returns the value of x to the power of y
random() Returns a random number between 0 and 1
round(x) Rounds x to the nearest integer
sign(x) Returns the sign of a number (checks whether it is positive, negative or zero)
sin(x) Returns the sine of x (x is in radians)
sinh(x) Returns the hyperbolic sine of x
sqrt(x) Returns the square root of x
tan(x) Returns the tangent of an angle
tanh(x) Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
trunc(x) Returns the integer part of a number (x)